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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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| Lantz, Frederic; Catanzano, Joseph; Weber, Jacques. |
| Fishing is an economic activity that, in a general way, requires the implementation of regulatory measures to avoid crises. This problem is linked to certain peculiarities inherent to fishing: the renewable and common character of the exploited resource, and the great variability of catches. Since the entire means of production coming into play in fishing is designated by the term fishing effort, various regulatory policies will become attached to the idea of fitting the level of the fishing effort to that of the exploited resource. After introducing the evolution of the fishing sector in an early section, we will study the main lines of EU policy in the sphere of fishing in section II. Section III will be devoted to the Multi-Year Orientation Programme... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-2481.pdf |
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| Galle, M; Weber, Jacques. |
| This communication presents a simple methodology for analysis of fisheries management decision making process. For each type of decision, historical recorded informations for each actor are organized in tables which allow for mesuring distances between (i) initial legal prerogatives and acquired role, (ii) the messages delivered from a period to another. The crossed representations of actors in each others meetings are included in a second table which allow for analysis of the respective power and influence of each actor in the decision making process. This methodology is tested in the case of French Mediterranean fisheries, for two types of decisions: (i) management of the three miles coastal zone; (ii) access to loans and subsidies. It is shown that... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-4278.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques. |
| L'entrée d'économistes à l'IFREMER remonte à 1983. Cette arrivée d'une discipline nouvelle s'est traduite par la création d'un département "Stratégies de Développement et d'Aménagement" de l'exploitation des ressources vivantes, répondant à une demande des biologistes des pêches, souvent confrontés à des problèmes que les seules observations biologiques ne permettent pas de résoudre. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE] |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/publication-4081.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Antona, Martine. |
| After a description of the french fisheries management main features and institutionnal actors, we will try to analyse the rationalities at work in the French fisheries and their level of compatibility. It is generally assumed that a management scheme has to be chosen on the basis of its economical or biological efficency, which must be optimized. Actually, a constraint from outside seems to be the best incentive for management. The weigth of historical and cultural backgrounds often explains the diversity of answers provided by diverse actors facing the same constraint. In the French case, it also enlightens attitudes towards resource ownership and rights based fishing. Then, we will compare the advantages of the different management schemes implemented... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-4158.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques. |
| The economic anthropology course proposes to examine notions or facts whose supposed "evidence" leads them to be studied closely, from a point of view very unfamiliar to economists or statisticians. The problems of defining "household" in places where there are varied forms of family organisation illustrates the need for "qualification" of the quantitative data before implementing economic and statistical methods. So that we can come right to the nature of the questions for which the anthropological approach can improve the economic approach, we will examine a series of examples in order to introduce the course's foundations. The examples chosen concern the problems of metrics (1); to the gap that can separate country logic from the rationality of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-2516.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Levieil, D; Grimbert, E. |
| (Not controled OCR) EC's Decision 4028/86 makes an obligation for the Member-States to achieve a reduction of their fishing fleet capacity by the year 1991. Each State is free to implement appropriate regulation means. France opted for an Operation Permit (in french, Permis de Mise en Exploitation or PME). This paper evaluates the implementation of the system after one year. The PME are considered as a component of the global french fisheries management system. Conclusions suggest that: (i) transferability of access rights is not a necessary condition of 'free installation" as stipulated by the Unie Act, and (ii), despite their well identified individual benefits, ITQs call for more analysis in ternis of public and social costs and benefits. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-2472.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques. |
| Because of the papers that precede this one and focus on resources and markets, I will limit my topic to the economic aspects of fisheries management, that is, solely to the business of capture. Not because I underestimate the importance of the other levels of the fishing system, but out of a concern not to repeat what my colleagues have explained. I will begin with a brief economic overview of fishing in the member states, by means of simple indicators, and with the goal of bringing to light a certain number of questions. The second part of the paper will deal with fishing management when dealing with the EEC, to examine how important questions are treated and to update a few of the challenges for the future of fishing. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-2465.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Chauveau, Jean-pierre. |
| Each of nine people agreed to write a summary regarding changes in research on small-scale fishing in a large region of the world. These summaries that will be presented to you focus respectively on changes in research in Southeast Asia, in the South Pacific along the western coast of Latin America, in West Africa, in the Mediterranean, in Northwest Europe, and in North America. In order to help you reconstruct their actions in the halieutic context of the regions about which they are talking, Serge Garcia will first present us with a panorama of small-scale fishing. By asking them to do this study, we wished to be able to place the symposium's study within an overall framework and in an historical perspective. The objective was to relativise the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-2464.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques. |
| The external trade deficit of seafood is a subject of general concern, for the administration as it is for the profession and for research. From IFREMER's inception, its president, Mr SILLARD, made this problem one of the major guiding factors of the Institute by asking, as early as 1984, research teams to provide him with a complete and detailed view of the evaluation of seafood in France. The objective assigned to this task was twofold: assess France's room for manoeuvre and establish a research policy that must contribute to the improvement of this room for manoeuvre. The external trade deficit of sea products is a significant, long-term, structural problem to which it is conceivable to apply partial solutions. It is a national and therefore... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2469.pdf |
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| Gilly, Bernard; Weber, Jacques. |
| From symposiums to conferences, from reviews to evaluations, from laboratory to the field, aquaculture has not developed in apathy. Before it was even established, aquaculture challenged relationships between professionals, the scientific community, administrative authorities and political bodies. A review of documents, whatever their source, shows excessive reactions, sometimes optimistic, sometimes pessimistic. Why so much ado? How can we explain why aquaculture was accepted so heartily by professionals of the fishing industry who are generally considered to be relatively resistant to innovation? Why were stances defended so passionately by scientists, who in principle are prepared for the unexpected and trained for analysis? How can we explain why... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/rapport-4136.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Durand, Henri. |
| 1. Enlightened indeed is the person who can claim to have precise knowledge of catches in Africa. Accuracy is in the neighbourhood of 50% or less in most cases, in statistics developed by the best teams of specialists, particularly the FAC. What is true, stock by stock, cannot be less so on the African continent as a whole. If marine fishing statistics are questionable, then what can be said of fishing throughout the continent! Thus, Zaire, with its huge hydrological network, is supposed to have 200 dugouts, less than Rwanda. We therefore earnestly beg the reader not to think that the numbers provided in this text have indisputable statistical value; they have been carefully compiled from existing sources, coming themselves very often from compilations,... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/rapport-2544.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques. |
| Japanese sand shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) breeding started in 1984 in Charentes and in the Loire region. It is an activity that is still experimental, as much from a technical point of view as biological and commercial. Although the number of farmers and the surface area farmed are increasing rapidly, the average surface area and yields remain very low; high sales prices due in part to the weakness of production, and in part also to the fact that the shrimp are marketed live, depending on short distribution channels. In this short document, it is a more a matter of anticipating the assets or obstacles to the future creation of a business sector, of highlighting the key points on which attention should be focused, than it is analysis of a sector that is,... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-2429.pdf |
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| Abric, M; Weber, Jacques. |
| In September 1989, Mr Pierre Papon, Chairman of the IFREMER, expressed his wish for a study on the issues of research in marine economy. Carried out under the direction of Jacques Weber, this document is the result of this study. Dealing with marine economy equals, mutatis mutandis, dealing with terrestrial economy: the uniqueness of the subject, economy, as that of the marine element, hides a wide heterogeneity and a multiplicity of research questions. This is the reason why eight different fields were chosen to be investigated. It was decided to take an inventory, for each field, of all the specialised research centres, and to interview their directors or some specialists. Interviews were thus carried out by sector. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM; Economie travail; Aménagement; Gestion; Recherche; Economie maritime. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/rapport-3903.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Lantz, Frederic. |
| This document is written for and at the request of the Central Committee of Maritime Fishing. Yet it is also addressed to regional institutions, several of which would like to equip themselves with an economic monitor. In his "report on the modernisation of the Interprofessional Organisation of Fishing and Marine Farming", the president of the CCPM makes the development of economic information one of the main principles of reform. At the same time, a growing number of regional authorities wish to equip themselves with economic monitors, with the concern of controlling the management and future of their sector of fishing and marine farming. The two problems are similar insomuch as: (i) it is a matter, in both cases, of responding to the same questions: -... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/rapport-2477.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Betsch, Jean Marie; Cury, Philippe. |
| As the third millennium draws near, industrial societies are becoming aware of the limits of what they can do to constrain the biosphere, ending up where "primitive" societies left off. If the perverse effects of a century of technical revolution and economic expansion are above all perceptible in the area of multiple contaminations that put in danger the well-being of people, environments and in a general way the biosphere's functioning, they also concern the standardisation of products and landscapes and overinvestment in the means of exploiting resources (inputs increasing more rapidly than outputs, when they are not bringing about their decrease). The search for solutions to the growing imbalance of the relationships Man Nature Resources cannot... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-2416.pdf |
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| Levrel, Harold; Kerbiriou, Christian; Couvet, Denis; Weber, Jacques. |
| Sustainability is said to be the science of integration, be it integration of scale, discipline or of stakeholders' interests. One way to integrate such diverse elements is to develop sustainable development indicators. Numerous national and international organizations have attempted to develop such indicators, among which interaction indicators are of critical importance because they enable us to link up human activities, ecological dynamics, and social goals. Among the various ways to develop such indicators, the most common ones are the pressure-state-response (PSR) indicators, as well as others coming from this framework. With realistic methodology one shall observe how PSR indicators might appear as an operational tool to face rapid social and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Adaptive management; PSR indicators; Interaction indicators. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6545.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Bailly, Denis. |
| Le très long terme, pour l'économie, la sociologie, le droit et les sciences politiques relève de la réflexion séculaire ou pluriséculaire. Il est donc au-delà de la prévision, il ne peut guère relever que de la prospective et de la futurologie. Imaginons la question posée sous la révolution! Or les évolutions démographiques et technologiques ont-été plus rapides au cours des cinquante dernières années que lors, cl-as-deux siècles passés. Par contre, les représentations que les disciplines invoquées se font de la nature et de la société se sont étonnamment peu modifiées, sauf sur un point fondamental: la propriété privée et la maximisation du profit sont devenus le référent quasi-unique de toute réflexion. Soit comme repère intangible, pour les... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-4103.pdf |
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| Weber, Jacques; Levieil, D; Grimbert, E. |
| (Not controled OCR) Ec's Decision 4028/86 makes an obligation for the Members States to achieve a reduction of their fishing fleet capacity by the year 1991. Each State is free to implement appropriated regulation means. France opted for an Operation Permit (in french, Permis de Mise en Exploitation or PME). This paper avaluates the implementation of the system after one year. The PME are considered as a component of the global french fisheries management system. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SEM. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-2475.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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